Today is the bicentennial of the Treaty of Ghent. On Christmas Eve 1814, emissaries of His Britannic Majesty and the U.S. formally agreed to a treaty ending the War of 1812. Upon ratification by Parliament and Congress, the hostilities ended, and the “treaty of peace and amity” became effective. What Americans called “the second war of independence” was over. The treaty essentially provided that each country reverted to the position it was in before the war began in June 1812. As was the …