SPRINGFIELD — When U.S. District Judge Joan H. Lefkow ordered Illinois to pay Medicaid bills more quickly, she was sympathetic to Comptroller Susana Mendoza.The state’s checkbook official “faces an unenviable situation,” Lefkow wrote in early June, because Mendoza is forced to decide between expenses during one of the worst cash crunches in state history.But an order the judge wrote on Friday, forcing Illinois to pay $586 million a month toward health care for the needy instead of its current $160 …